Understanding Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a common bone condition characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration, increasing the risk of fractures. At Starcare International Hospital, we emphasize early detection, prevention, and effective management to promote stronger bones and overall health.

Causes of Osteoporosis

Understanding the causes of osteoporosis is essential for prevention and long-term bone health:

• Age and Hormonal Changes: As individuals age, bone density declines naturally. Women, especially postmenopausal women, face a higher risk due to reduced estrogen levels, a hormone that plays a vital role in maintaining bone strength.
• Calcium and Vitamin D Deficiency: Calcium and vitamin D are essential for bone formation and maintenance. A deficiency in either nutrient can contribute to bone weakening and osteoporosis development.
• Lifestyle Factors: A sedentary lifestyle, lack of weight-bearing exercise, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and a diet low in fruits and vegetables can all negatively impact bone density.
• Medical Conditions and Medications: Certain health conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease, and hormonal disorders, can affect bone metabolism. Additionally, long-term corticosteroid use can impair bone formation and accelerate bone loss.

Risk Factors for Osteoporosis

While anyone can develop osteoporosis, certain factors increase the likelihood of its occurrence:

• Gender and Age: Women, especially postmenopausal women, have a higher risk of osteoporosis compared to men. The risk also increases with age, as bone density naturally declines over time.
• Family History: A genetic predisposition plays a key role in bone density. Individuals with a family history of osteoporosis or fractures are at a higher risk.
• Body Composition: People with a small body frame and low body weight have less bone mass, making them more vulnerable to bone loss and fractures.
• Hormonal Imbalances: Conditions such as hyperthyroidism or early menopause disrupt hormonal balance, negatively affecting bone strength.
• Nutritional Deficiencies: Inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake and poor overall nutrition increase the risk of bone deterioration and osteoporosis.

Diagnosis of Osteoporosis

Early diagnosis of osteoporosis is critical for effective treatment and prevention of fractures. Several methods are used to assess bone health:

• Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA): A painless, non-invasive test that measures bone mineral density (BMD) at key sites like the hip and spine. The T-score helps classify bone health and osteoporosis risk.
• FRAX Assessment: The Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) estimates a person’s 10-year probability of experiencing a major osteoporotic fracture. It considers factors like age, gender, BMI, prior fractures, and family history.
• Laboratory Tests: Blood tests help assess calcium, vitamin D, and hormonal levels, identifying deficiencies or imbalances that could contribute to osteoporosis.
• Medical History and Physical Examination: A detailed medical history, lifestyle analysis, and physical examination help evaluate osteoporosis risk and detect signs of fragility or deformities.

Comprehensive Osteoporosis Care at Starcare International Hospital

At Starcare International Hospital, our expert rheumatologists and endocrinologists provide advanced screening, personalized treatment plans, and prevention strategies to help you maintain strong and healthy bones.